Commutative Presemifields and Semifields: Difference between revisions
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A <span class="definition">presemifield</span> is a ring with left and right distributivity and with no zero divisor. | A <span class="definition">presemifield</span> is a ring with left and right distributivity and with no zero divisor. | ||
A presemifield with a multiplicative identity is called a <span class="definition">semifield</span>. | A presemifield with a multiplicative identity is called a <span class="definition">semifield</span>. | ||
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for <math>p</math> a prime, <math>n</math> a positive integer, <math>\mathbb{S}=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+)</math> additive group and <math>x\star y</math> multiplication linear in each variable. | for <math>p</math> a prime, <math>n</math> a positive integer, <math>\mathbb{S}=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+)</math> additive group and <math>x\star y</math> multiplication linear in each variable. | ||
Two presemifields <math>\mathbb{S}_1=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)</math> and <math>\mathbb{S}_2=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\circ)</math> are called <span class="definition">isotopic</span> if there exist three linear | Two presemifields <math>\mathbb{S}_1=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)</math> and <math>\mathbb{S}_2=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\circ)</math> are called <span class="definition">isotopic</span> if there exist three linear permutations <math>T,M,N</math> of <math>\mathbb{F}_{p^n}</math> such that | ||
<math>T(x\star y)=M(x)\circ N(y)</math>, | <math>T(x\star y)=M(x)\circ N(y)</math>, | ||
for any <math>x,y\in\mathbb{F}_{p^n}</math>. If <math>M=N</math> then they are called <span class="definition">strongly isotopic</span>. | for any <math>x,y\in\mathbb{F}_{p^n}</math>. If <math>M=N</math> then they are called <span class="definition">strongly isotopic</span>. | ||
Each commutative presemifields of odd order defines a [[Planar Functions|planar]] DO polynomial and viceversa: | Each commutative presemifields of odd order defines a [[Planar Functions|planar]] DO polynomial and viceversa: | ||
* given <math>\mathbb{S}=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)</math> let <math>F_\ | * given <math>\mathbb{S}=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)</math> let <math>F_\mathbb{S}(x)=\frac{1}{2}(x\star x)</math>; | ||
* given <math>F</math> let <math>\mathbb{S}_F=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)</math> defined by <math>x\star y=F(x+y)-F(x)-F(y)</math>. | * given <math>F</math> let <math>\mathbb{S}_F=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)</math> defined by <math>x\star y=F(x+y)-F(x)-F(y)</math>. | ||
Revision as of 10:29, 29 August 2019
A presemifield is a ring with left and right distributivity and with no zero divisor. A presemifield with a multiplicative identity is called a semifield. Any finite presemifield can be represented by Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathbb{S}=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)} , for a prime, Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle n} a positive integer, additive group and multiplication linear in each variable.
Two presemifields and are called isotopic if there exist three linear permutations of Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathbb{F}_{p^n}} such that Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle T(x\star y)=M(x)\circ N(y)} , for any Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle x,y\in\mathbb{F}_{p^n}} . If Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle M=N} then they are called strongly isotopic. Each commutative presemifields of odd order defines a planar DO polynomial and viceversa:
- given Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathbb{S}=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)} let Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle F_\mathbb{S}(x)=\frac{1}{2}(x\star x)} ;
- given let Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathbb{S}_F=(\mathbb{F}_{p^n},+,\star)} defined by Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle x\star y=F(x+y)-F(x)-F(y)} .
Hence two quadratic planar functions Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle F,F'} are isotopic equivalent if their corresponding presemifields are isotopic. Moreover, we have:
- Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle F,F'} are CCZ-equivalent if and only if Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathbb{S}_F,\mathbb{S}_{F'}} are strongly isotopic;
- for odd, isotopic coincides with strongly isotopic;
- if Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle F,F'} are isotopic equivalent, then there exists a linear map Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle L} such that Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle F'} is EA-equivalent to Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle F(x+L(x))-F(x)-F(L(x))} .
